The In-System Programming (ISP) Solution for Philips/TEMIC FLASH 8051 Microcontrollers USER GUIDE (Version 1.10) RE E A BL W DA RM A FI GR P U User Guide V1.10 Copyright Information Equinox guarantees that its products will be free from defects of material and workmanship under normal use and service, and that these products will perform to current specifications in accordance with, and subject to, the Company's standard warranty. Equinox reserves the right to change specifications detailed in this document without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the manufacturer. The software described in this document is furnished under license agreement or non-disclosure agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. It is against the law to copy the software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the license or non-disclosure agreement. The purchaser may make one copy of the software for backup purposes. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or information retrieval systems, for any purpose other than for the purchaser's personal use, without written permission. (c) 2000 Copyright Equinox Technologies UK Limited. All rights reserved. Philips is a trademark of Philips Semiconductors TEMIC Semiconductors is a trademark of TEMIC Semiconductors Microsoft, MS-DOS, WindowsTM and Windows 95TM Windows NTTM are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation IBM, PC and PS/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation Every effort was made to ensure accuracy in this manual and to give appropriate credit to persons, companies and trademarks referenced herein. Disclaimer All circuit schematics shown in this manual are offered in good faith. Equinox will not be liable in any way for any problems which might arise out of their use. i User Guide V1.10 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Compliance The GEMINI-1 Programmer is a CE Approved Product. It is designed for use in a development environment only. This means that the user must ensure that there is no possibility of damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Since the devices and equipment to which this product is likely to be connected may well themselves be susceptible to ESD, this should not pose any difficulty. For example, if you are handling microcontrollers and EEPROMS etc. then you will already be used to appropriate precautions, such as the use of anti-static mats, wrist straps and so on. You should treat your GEMINI-1 with the same care as you would these type of device. Always ensure that you are not yourself carrying a static charge before handling the product. Wearing an earthed anti-static wrist strap is recommended. Equinox have taken great care in designing this product to be compliant with the European EMC directive. When using the equipment be sure to follow the instructions provided. Although RF emissions are within prescribed limits, care should be taken if you are using the product near to sensitive apparatus. If you experience any difficulty please refer to Equinox technical support. ESD Points to remember q q Work in a static-free environment. Wear an earthed wrist strap when handling either the programmer and/or any programmable device. Please Note: This equipment is designed for use in a `Development Environment' only and is NOT guaranteed to operate correctly in a `Production Environment'. Use of this product in a `Production Environment' will invalidate your warranty. ii User Guide V1.10 Technical Support It is often the case that users experience problems when installing or using a product for the first time. Due to the low-cost nature of this product, Equinox are unable to answer technical support questions about this product or its use by telephone. If you have a technical support problem, please consult the following list for help: 1 This manual 2 Troubleshooting Guide (see page 42) 3 On-line help Press for help at any time. The help system is context-sensitive. Simply press on any error message and the possible causes of the error should be listed. This help system is updated on a regular basis. Please see software update details for information on keeping up-to-date with software revisions. Please note: The help system does not work within Windows 3.11 4 Internet Web Site Equinox have setup a Philips microcontroller support page on our web site. This page is designed to provide up-to date information on all issues concerning both Philips microcontrollers and support tools. The microcontroller support page can be found at: www.equinox-tech.com/philips.htm Equinox have also setup a TEMIC Semiconductors microcontroller support page on our web site. This page is designed to provide up-to date information on all issues concerning both TEMIC Semiconductors microcontrollers and support tools. The microcontroller support page can be found at: www.equinox-tech.com/temic.htm 5 E-mail Please e-mail any technical support questions about this product to: gemini1@equinox-tech.com Equinox will try our best to answer your questions about this product as quickly as possible. However, we can not promise an immediate reply. Please consult our web site for new software updates as the problem that you are enquiring about may have already been fixed in a new version. 6 Fax Please fax any technical support questions about this product to: +44 (0) 1204 535555 Equinox will try our best to answer your questions about this product as quickly as possible. However, we can not promise an immediate reply. Please consult our web site for new software updates as the problem that you are enquiring about may have already been fixed in a new version. iii User Guide V1.10 Contacts Equinox Technologies UK Limited 3 Atlas House, St George's Square, Bolton, England BL1 2HB Telephone Sales ....................... : +44 (0) 1204 529000 Fax ........................................... : +44 (0) 1204 535555 E-mail ...................................... : sales@equinox-tech.com Web site .................................. : www.equinox-tech.com For technical support on this product please e-mail us at: gemini@equinox-tech.com Software Updates In line with our policy of continuous improvement, the `Gemini' software is updated on a regular basis. The firmware of the actual programmer is also periodically updated. If you would like to receive an automatic e-mail every time a new version is released, please make sure you have registered your system with Equinox and you have quoted your e-mail address. You may cancel this service at any time. The Gemini software updates can currently be downloaded from the following places: Internet : http://www.equinox-tech.com Select This will take you to the software download page iv User Guide V1.10 About Philips Microcontrollers Philips manufacture a complete family of In-System Programmable (ISP) 8051 FLASH microcontrollers each with different sizes of FLASH & SRAM. Data sheets for these devices can be viewed and printed using the Acrobat pdf reader software supplied on the Philips CD-ROM. As data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is recommended that you consult the Philips web site for the latest information. A few sources of further information about Philips microcontrollers are listed below: Philips web site Equinox web site : http://www.philips.com : http://www.equinox-tech.com/philips.htm If you have any silicon related technical support question about Philips 8051 FLASH microcontrollers which can not be answered by looking at the Philips/Equinox web sites, please e-mail us with a detailed description of the problem at: support@equinox-tech.com Important - Please note Equinox Technologies are unable to answer direct technical support questions concerning Philips microcontrollers. Please contact your local Philips distributor or sales office if you require any further information. v User Guide V1.10 About TEMIC Semiconductors Microcontrollers TEMIC Semiconductors manufacture a complete range of OTP, EPROM and 8051 FLASH microcontrollers. As data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is recommended that you consult the TEMIC Semiconductors web site for the latest information. A few sources of further information about TEMIC microcontrollers are listed below: TEMIC Semiconductors web site : http://www.temic-semi.com Equinox web site : http://www.equinox-tech.com/temic.htm If you have any silicon related technical support question about TEMIC Semiconductors 8051 FLASH microcontrollers which can not be answered by looking at the TEMIC Semiconductors/Equinox web sites, please e-mail us with a detailed description of the problem at: support@equinox-tech.com Important - Please note Equinox Technologies are unable to answer direct technical support questions concerning TEMIC Semiconductors microcontrollers. Please contact your local TEMIC Semiconductors distributor or sales office if you require any further information. vi User Guide V1.10 Contents Introduction.....................................................................................1 Device Support - Philips Microcontrollers.....................................2 Device Support - TEMIC Microcontrollers .....................................3 System Specifications .....................................................................4 Hardware Overview........................................................................5 Hardware/Software Installation Overview ..................................6 Gemini for Windows Overview .....................................................7 Hardware Installation Instructions ................................................8 Serial Port Selection......................................................................10 Software Overview.......................................................................11 Device Programming Guide - Philips Microcontrollers .............13 Device Programming Guide - TEMIC Microcontrollers ..............18 Target Settings ..............................................................................23 Target System - ISP Design Requirements ..................................29 ISP Target System Design Guide - Philips Microcontrollers .......33 ISP Target System Design Guide - TEMIC Microcontrollers .......37 Target System Requirements .......................................................40 GEMINI-1 Compatible Target Systems .........................................41 Troubleshooting Guide .................................................................42 Error Messages..............................................................................43 PC Serial Cable Connections.........................................................45 Microcontroller Timing Characteristics........................................46 Upgrading the Programmer Firmware ........................................49 viii User Guide V1.10 Introduction The GEMINI-1 is a state-of-the-art development programmer supporting the new range of In-System Programmable (ISP) microcontrollers from Philips Semiconductors and TEMIC Semiconductors. These microcontrollers feature serially downloadable memory allowing the CODE to be updated in-system without physically removing the target device from the application board. The serial programming is via the on-chip UART. General notes The Gemini programmer: * Supports the ISP (In-System Programming) mode only. * Automatically writes 00h into the `Status Byte' and `FCh' into the `Boot Vector' at the end of every programming operation. * Does NOT support custom `Boot Loaders' using the `IAP' (In Application Mode) * Will only operate with a Vcc between 4.8V and 5.8V * Does NOT support block ERASE or READ/WRITE of the target microcontroller FLASH memory. Please Note: This programmer is designed for development use only. GEMINI-1 DEVICE PROGRAMMER HIGHLIGHTS Supports In-System Programming (ISP) of the following microcontroller families: * Philips P89C51Rx+ (+12V Vpp) * Philips P89C51Rx2 (No Vpp required) * TEMIC T89C51RD2 (No Vpp required) * Powerful `GEMINI' programmer interface software: * Compatible with Windows 95, 98 and NT * Device commands include Check Signature, Blank Check, Erase, Read, Write, Verify, Security, Auto-program * Powerful buffer system with Blank Check, Erase, Fill, Goto and Checksum commands * Supports reading and writing of target device fuse bits and lock bits * Supports Binary and Intel HEX file formats * User-configurable ~ RESET polarity ~ RESET timing state machine ~ Target Baud Rate * Context-sensitive help system * Field upgradable firmware via Internet downloadable utility caters for new programmer algorithms in the future * On-board Vpp generator (+12V) * Programmer `Active' signal - used to drive an LED on the target system * Connects to spare PC COM (serial) port * Robust `EMC-friendly' design plus I/O pin protection * CE compliant product Order Code: EQ-GEMINI-1 (4.8-5.8V) 1 User Guide V1.10 Device Support - Philips Microcontrollers Philips FLASH 8051 Microcontroller Families Device P89C51RB2 P89C51RC2 P89C51RD2 Device P89C51RC+ P89C51RD+ FLASH Code Size (Bytes) 16K 32K 64K FLASH Code Size (Bytes) 32K 64K SRAM (Bytes) 512 512 1K SRAM (Bytes) 512 1K I/O Pins 32 32 32 I/O Pins 32 32 Vpp (Note 1) +5V +5V +5V Vpp (Note 2) +12V +12V Programming Mode Supported ISP ISP ISP Figure 1 Programming Mode Supported ISP ISP Figure 2 KEY: ISP = In-System Programming Mode Note 1 - Vpp issues The Gemini programmer outputs a continuous +5V Vpp to the PROG_VPP pin when a P89CRx2 device is selected. If the target microcontroller `EA/Vpp pin is connected to the target Vcc, the the PROG_VPP pin need not be connected at all. Note 2 - Vpp issues The Gemini programmer generates a +12V Vpp on-board the programmer for the P89C51Rx+ devices and switches this voltage to the PROG_VPP pin during programming. Note 3 - 6 Clock/12 Clock Oscillator Modes The P89CRx2 microcontroller family are shipped from the factory with `6 Clock' mode enabled. This means that the device is configured to use 6 clocks per machine cycle i.e. twice as fast as the generic 8051 core. It is NOT possible to use the Gemini programmer to change the `6 Clock / 12 Clock' selection. This operation can only be performed using the `Parallel Programming Algorithm' which is available on the Equinox `Micro-Pro PLUS' programmer. 2 User Guide V1.10 Device Support - TEMIC Microcontrollers TEMIC Semiconductors FLASH 8051 Microcontroller Families Device T89C51RD2-M T89C51RD2-L FLASH Code Size (Bytes) 64K 64K E2PROM 2K 2K SRAM (Bytes) 1280 1280 I/O 32-48 32-48 Vcc (Note 2) 4.5-5.5V 2.7-5.5V* Vpp (Note 1) No (Internal) No (Internal) Prog Mode Supported ISP ISP Figure 3 KEY: ISP = In-System Programming Mode Note 1 - Vpp issues * T89C51RD2 devices generate Vpp internally from the standard Vcc. Simply connect EA to Vcc to enter ISP mode. Applying a voltage higher than Vcc to the EA pin may damage the device. Note 2 - Vcc issues * The Gemini programmer does not support operation below 4.8V Temic T89C51RD2 microcontroller features * The last 1K of T89C51RD2 Flash is used for ISP/IAP firmware and cannot be changed by ISP. A parallel programmer is needed to change this area. * Hardware lock bits cannot be changed by ISP. The TEMIC devices feature `Software' and `Hardware' lock bits. The `Hardware' lock bits can only be programmed using a `parallel' programmer. The `software' lock bits can be programmed using the Gemini ISP programmer. The FLASH code area can not be modified anymore once the `software' lock bits are set without first performing a `Chip Erase' operation using a parallel programmer. NOTE: Once you have locked the device in ISP mode, you can not unlock it except by physically removing it from your target system and erasing it in a parallel programmer. * The FLASH code can be reprogrammed in pages or one byte at a time without needing a block erase. The programmed bytes are automatically erased before programming. * The Temic devices allow the `6 Clock or 12 Clock' to be dynamically changed by software in the user application. The T89C51RD2 is always configured in 12 Clock mode after RESET and during ISP. 3 User Guide V1.10 System Specifications Minimum System Contents * * * * * GEMINI-1 Serial Download Programmer PC Serial extension cable set Windows Driver Software (Gemini) CD-ROM GEMINI-1 User Guide Please note: Target system is NOT included GEMINI-1 Serial Programmer Specifications Programmer Size Shipped Weight PC Connection Header Power Supply Vpp Voltage : 55 x 53 x 16mm : Approx 0.10kg : Serial Port 25-pin female D Connector : 10-way IDC 0.1" pitch bump polarised : Requires power from target system or external power supply (Not supplied) : +12V (Generated by the programmer when required) GEMINI-1 Vcc: 4.8 - 5.8V - Is (supply) approx 50mA when programming - Is (supply) approx 27mA in standby - Is (supply) approx 700mA inrush current when Vpp generator is switched on Programming Cable : Length 300mm Minimum PC requirements The minimum hardware and software requirements to ensure that the programmer operates correctly are as follows: * * * * * 100% IBM compatible 386+ Windows 95, 98 & NT4 Minimum 4MB RAM Minimum 1MB free hard disk space Spare PC COM (Serial) port 4 User Guide V1.10 Hardware Overview Red stripe (denotes pin 1) 5 6 2 3 Figure 4 4 1 Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 GEMINI-1 Programmer In System Programming (ISP) Cable (length approx 300mm) 10-way IDC Header Plug 25 pin female D-Connector (plugs into PC COM Port) Power LED Active LED 5 User Guide V1.10 Hardware/Software Installation Overview The Hardware/Software Overview for the installation process of the GEMINI-1 programmer is detailed diagrammatically below. Please refer to the following pages for a more detailed explanation. Perform Software Installation Perform Hardware Installation Select the correct serial port
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